HAT stands for 'hardware attached on top' and is specifically designed for the Raspberry Pi Model B+. The advantage of using a Pi HAT over other add-on modules is that you simply have to plug and play. A pHAT Raspberry offers the same functionality but is designed for the Raspberry Pi Zero. If you'd like to learn more about Raspberry Pi HATs, check out our ultimate guide to Pi HATs & pHats.
The Raspberry Pi comes equipped with GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) which allows it to 'talk' to other electronic devices and hardware through the use of programmed code. Raspberry Pi HATs are designed for specific purposes from measuring velocity and pressure with sensors (Sense HAT) to receiving power over ethernet (PoE for Raspberry Pi).
The only power supply required is the Raspberry Pi itself, just choose a Pi HAT or Pi pHAT suited towards your needs and let the projects begin.
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